Category: Treatment
Three Ways to Deal with Unconstructive Repetitive Thoughts
Posted by info in CBT, Depression, Treatment, Worry, meditation Thursday, 14 October 2010 21:07 No Comments
Several researchers have shown that negative mood, anxiety, and distress can be associated with cognitive decline. Wilson and his colleague Patricia Boyle (both at Rush in Chicago) have shown with data from the Religious Orders Study that persons who are chronically distressed have a greater chance of cognitive decline.
At the Cognitive Aging Summit (sponsored by the National Institute on Aging and featuring NIA-supported research), Martin Sliwinski reported data that show that the specific aspect of emotional distress that may be linked to problems in thinking and memory is something called unconstructive repetitive thought (URT).
Although the term reeks of jargon, it is helpful because it helps us understand the difference between various types of worry, ruminating, or obsessing. URT means that someone thinks a lot about something that is upsetting, but it doesn’t go anywhere.
It’s a little like pushing at a sore tooth in your mouth – you know that you shouldn’t, and that if you don’t leave it alone, you may make it worse. But still, it’s hard to stop.
It’s easy to guess that repeatedly thinking about upsetting things (your boss or spouse yelling at you, an especially bad ride home on the freeway that involved someone cutting in front of you) might cause repeated releases of stress-related neurohormones and immune factors.
Since we know that many of these substances have the capacity to be neurotoxic, it’s a simple (though unproven) link from URT to cognitive impairment.
How do you deal with URT?
- First, pay attention to thoughts that bother you and are upsetting. You may be engaging in URT without realizing it. Ask yourself, Is thinking about this making my heart race or making me feel jumpy and angry? Notice what you’re thinking about.
- Second, decide whether thinking is going to resolve anything. Sometimes, thinking about something over and over can help you figure out a solution to a problem. But worrying over and over about something in the past or future that you can’t control just makes you miserable. No matter how much you think about something, you can’t change the past or control the future.
- Third, make a commitment to deal with thoughts if you can’t deal with the problem. If you’re want to spend time going over something in your mind over and over, schedule a time (maybe 15 minutes) and do so. Don’t do the thinking any other time. Usually, people who learn to relax through meditation or breathing can learn to stop their URT. Regular mediation practice can also help you stop.
Brain Fitness and The Mind of a Monk
Posted by info in Anxiety, CBT, Treatment, meditation Monday, 11 January 2010 21:20 No Comments
I saw an interesting blog post several days ago on the site of the Huffington Post about the potential benefits of meditation – or at least about what one woman thinks might be the benefits.
Priscilla Warner writes about the contrast between Tibetan monks’ apparent calm, evident even on brain scans, and her own anxiety disorder.
Ms. Warner says that she suffers from panic disorder, a severe form of anxiety in which a person can have multiple anxiety attacks every day, even in the middle of the night. Her post is titled “I Want the Brain of a Monk” Although most people don’t suffer from anxiety this severe, many people have symptoms of anxiety. And research has consistently shown that higher levels of anxiety are related to more memory problems.
What’s the relation to brain fitness? In my brain fitness class, I often mention the usefulness of meditation in helping reduce stress and anxiety, both of which have negative effects on memory. You don’t have to go to Tibet to get the benefits of meditation. If you simply take 10 minutes several times a day to break in to the ongoing rush of getting things done, you’ve made a start. Use those 10 minutes to sit quietly, relax your muscles, and breathe deeply.
If you do that every day for two weeks, I think you’ll notice that you feel calmer and better able to focus. And if you’re better able to focus, you will be better able to pay attention and remember things.
Do GAD and Depression Overlap?
Posted by info in Treatment Monday, 11 January 2010 21:07 No Comments
An article in this month’s Archives of General Psychiatry presents a study that looks at the relation of depression to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).
The relation of anxiety to depression is complex at least in part because of the way the two conditions overlap. Most people with depression have at least some symptoms of anxiety, and many people with anxiety have significant symptoms of depression.
The study reported in the Archives shows that patterns of GAD over time are similar to those of other anxiety disorders, such as social phobia and panic disorder. At the same time, the course of depression was different from the anxiety disorders.
This study shows again that in spite of similarities, GAD and other anxiety disorders are in many ways distinct from mood disorders. In spite of the overlap in symptoms (and often, treatments), GAD may be separate from depression.
Reference:
Beesdo K, et al. (2010). Incidence and risk patterns of anxiety and depressive disorders and categorization of generalized anxiety disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67, 47-57.
Simple Ways to Cope with Anxiety without Medications
Posted by admin in Anxiety, Treatment, Worry Monday, 2 March 2009 08:10 No Comments
With all the uncertainty in the economy, more and more people are asking about how to manage anxiety. Although several types of medications can be helpful in coping with anxiety, some of them (drugs in the group of benzodiazepines, such as Valium, Xanax, and Ativan) can actually have a negative impact on your memory. Other patients whom I see simply don’t want to take medicines for their anxiety. Since anxiety and stress can make your memory worse, managing your anxiety should be near the top of your brain fitness list.
Top ways to manage anxiety without medications:
Find out what you’re anxious about, and do something about it. Many patients have vague anxiety and aren’t quite sure what it’s about. See if you can figure it out. Talk to a friend about how you feel. Sometimes just talking about a problem can help make it clear. Another person’s viewpoint may help you to see a problem in another light.
Exercise. Both aerobic (walking, running, bicycling, swimming) and nonaerobic (weight training) can help you manage anxiety. People usually feel less anxious after exercising. If you aren’t exercising now, check with your doctor to make sure it’s OK to start. Even 10-15 minutes a day of walking can make a difference.
Relax and breathe. Researchers long ago noticed that it’s almost impossible to breathe deeply and feel anxious at the same time. Take 10 minutes twice a day to sit quietly, relax the muscles in your neck and back, and breathe fully. If you do this for a week you’ll feel better.
Meditate. Researchers have shown that almost any kind of meditation improves anxiety. I believe that meditation that helps you develop attentional focus will not only relieve stress and anxiety but also improve your memory. Mindfulness meditation is one form of meditation that is very helpful.
Distract yourself. Sometimes you can’t solve a problem but just have to live with it. Even after you exercise and meditate, you may still have to confront a problem over which you have little control. Try to find things that you enjoy doing that can help give you a break from feelilng anxious. Hobbies can often help people distract themselves. Doing something that is intellectually challenging is also good for your brain health.
Cognitive Therapy and Post Partum Depression
Posted by info in CBT, Depression, Medications, Treatment Friday, 2 January 2009 07:10 No Comments
A reader recently reported that she is suffering from post partum depression and asked whether cognitive therapy might help her. She wondered whether cognitive therapy might help her get off her current medications.
It’s not possible for us to comment on any specific case in this blog, because it’s beyond the scope of the blog to provide treatment. At least one study has shown that cognitive therapy is helpful in post partum depression (Misri S, Reebye P, Corral M, Milis L. The use of paroxetine and cognitive-behavioral therapy in postpartum depression and anxiety: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004 Sep;65(9):1236-41), so it may be worth considering this treatment option.
What’s most important is that anyone with post partum depression get treatment! I would suggest that anyone interested in this issue first consult with the person who is prescribing the medication for depression. Don’t stop the medication without the advice of the clinician who is prescribing the medication!
If your clinician doesn’t know any competent cognitive therapists, you can contact the Academy of Cognitive Therapy for a possible referral (Academy of Cognitive Therapy website).